Japanese Fungi on Plants No.43 before next top

Phyllachora graminis (Pers. ex Fr.) Nitschke ex Fuckel
 Classification: Ascomycota, Pyrenomycetes, Phyllachorales, Phyllachoraceae

 Distributed widely in Japan. Parasitizes many gramineous plants and causes tar spot in wheatgrass, bromegrass, orchardgrass, timothy, cogongrass and etc. Produces black, glossy and unheaved stromata under the epidermis of the leaves and produces perithecia inside. Disperses by scattering ascospores. The anamorph is known as the genus Leptostromella.

Characteristics: Plant pathogen    Symptom: JPEG (Agropyron, Tar spot, 75kb)

Morphology:
 Teleomorph: Perithecia subspherical to obpyriform, 200-300 um in diam., with ostiole opening from the leaf surface. Asci unitunicate, cylindrical to clavate, producing 8 ascospores inside. Ascospores hyaline, single-celled,  ellipsoidal, 7-15~4-7 um.
 Anamorph: 
Perithecia and asci Asci and ascospores

Herbarium specimen in NIAES 

Specimen No. Scientific name Host name Host scientific name Symptoms Geographical origin Collected date Collector
249-1-120 Phyllachora graminis wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum Tar spot Nishinasuno,Tochigi 1961.7.18 Tsuchiya, Y.
261-1-36 " Eccoilopus cotulifer " " 1961.10.15 Tominaga, T.
261-2-19 " orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata " " 1961.11.23 "

(Described by Tsukiboshi, T., NIAES, Microbial Systemtics Lab., 2003) 


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