Key to the apterae viviparae of Japanese Cinara

Key for Alatae >>

1
Rostral IV with 12 - 34 accessory setae arranged in 4 longitudinal rows, 2 along the stylet groove and the other 2 laterally, each row containing 3 - 11 setae
....................................................................................... 2
-
Rostral IV with only (3 -) 4 - 17 accessory setae arranged in only 2 longitudinal rows along the stylet groove, other surfaces without accessory setae
....................................................................................... 7
2(1)
Medium to long haired: hind tibia 7 - 19 x longest hair on it, antennal III 1.8 - 3.5 x longest hair on it
....................................................................................... 3
-
Shorter haired: hind tibia 25 - 80 x longest hair on it, antennal III 7 - 18 x longest hair on it
....................................................................................... 4
3(2)
Hind tarsal II 2.3 - 2.6 x I and 1.1 - 1.4 x rostral IV which is 1.8 - 2.1 x hind tarsal I. On Abies
....................................................................................... C. todocola
-
Hind tarsal II 2.0 - 2.4 x I and 0.7 - 0.9 x rostral IV which is 2.4 - 3.0 x hind tarsal I. On Torreya and Tsuga
....................................................................................... C. sp. E
4(2)
Hind tarsal II 1.1 - 1.7 x rostral IV which is 1.4 - 2.0 x hind tarsal I; antennal V 1.65 - 2.20 x VI. Abdominal tergite VIII bearing 60 - 80 hairs, 4 times as many as the short (14 - 20 µ) hairs on abdominal tergite V between the siphunculi. Processus terminalis bearing 5 - 7 short subapical setae. On Larix
....................................................................................... C. kochi
-
Hind tarsal II 0.7 - 1.2 x rostral IV which is 2.2 - 3.7 x hind tarsal I; antennal V 1.4 - 1.8 x VI. Abdominal tergite VIII with 28 - 45 hairs, usually fewer than the 40 - 55 hairs (either very short, 8 - 10 µ, or much longer, 60 - 140 µ) on abdominal tergite V between siphunculi. On Pinus
....................................................................................... 5
5(4)
Hind tarsal II 0.8 - 1.2 x rostral IV which is 2.2 - 2.7 (2.7 - 3.0 in small midsummer specimens) x hind tarsal I. Processus terminalis bearing only 4 short subapical setae.@Dorsal hairs on abdominal I to V very short, ca 8 - 10 µ. On Pinus parviflora
....................................................................................... C. watanabei
-
Hind tarsal II 0.6 (mostly 0.7) - 0.8 x rostral IV which is 2.9 - 3.7 (2.6 - 2.9 in fundatrices) x hind tarsal I. Processus terminalis usually bearing 5 or 6 short subapical setae, sometimes with only 4 in small specimens in which the hind tarsal II is 0.60 - 0.75 x rostral IV. Dorsal hairs on abdominal I to V 60 - 140 µ long
....................................................................................... 6
6(5)
Shorter haired: antennal III 15 - 18 x longest hair on it, hind tibia 50 - 80 x longest hair on it. Mostly on Pinus thunbergii
....................................................................................... C. sorini
-
Longer haired: antennal III 5.4 - 12 x longest hair on it, hind tibia 25 - 40 x longest hair on it. Mostly on Pinus densiflora
....................................................................................... C. etsuhoe
7(1)
Hind tarsal II only 0.70 - 0.95 x rostral IV. On Picea
....................................................................................... C. pruinosa ezoana
-
Hind tarsal II as long or longer (1.0 - 2.5) than rostral IV
....................................................................................... 8
8(1)
Very short haired: hind tibia 30 - 85 x longest hair on it. Rarely with rhinaria on antennal III. Rostral IV bearing 4 - 9 or 12 - 17 accessory hairs
....................................................................................... 9
-
Medium length haired: hind tibia 12 - 29 x longest hair on it. Without or with 1 - 3 rhinaria on antennal III. Rostral IV with 4 - 11 accessory hairs
....................................................................................... 13
-
Longer haired: hind tibia 5.5 - 11 x longest hair on it. Often without rhinaria on antennal III. Rostral IV bearing only 3 - 8 accessory hairs
....................................................................................... 23
9(8)
Rostral IV 1.8 - 2.5 x hind tarsal I and bearing 12 - 17 accessory hairs. Processus terminalis with 6 - 11 short subapical setae. Abdominal tergite V bearing only 6 - 17 hairs between the siphuncular cones. Large aphid, body length 4.5 - 8.0 mm. On Picea
....................................................................................... C. piceae
-
Rostral IV 1.1 - 1.7 x hind tarsal I and bearing 4 - 9 accessory hairs. Processus terminalis with mostly 4, sometimes 5 short subapical setae. Abdominal tergite V bearing 16 - 58 setae between the siphuncular cones. Body length 2.5 - 5.0 mm. On Abies, Larix or Pinus
....................................................................................... 10
10(9)
Antennal III 1.8 - 2.6 x maximum diameter of the siphuncular cones which bear about 3 concentric rings of hairs around the operculum and are then without hairs until the peripheral ring. Hind tarsal II 1.8 - 2.3 x rostral IV which is 1.1 - 1.2 x hind tarsal I. Antennal V 1.5 - 2.1 x VI on which the accessory rhinaria are mostly proximal to the primary rhinarium. On Larix
....................................................................................... C. laricicola
-
Antennal III 0.3 - 1.3 x maximum diameter of the siphuncular cones on which the hairs are more evenly distributed and are without a hair-free area within the peripheral ring. Hind tarsal II 1.15 - 1.80 x rostral IV which is 1.2 - 1.7 x hind tarsal I. Antennal V 0.9 - 1.7 x VI on which the accessory rhinaria are more laterad to the primary rhinarium. On Abies or Pinus
....................................................................................... 11
11(10)
Antennal III 4.4 - 8.7 x longest hair on it, 3.8 - 4.4 x longest hair on abdominal tergite VIII and 0.9 - 1.10 x combined lengths of antennal IV and V. Antennal III with 1 - 3 and IV with 1 or 2 rhinaria. Antennal V 1.3 - 1.7 x VI and 1.0 - 1.25 x hind tarsal II which is 1.9 - 2.3 x hind tarsal I. Base of antennal VI with 12 - 16 hairs. Longest hair on abdominal tergite III 85 - 100 µ. Body length 2.6 - 3.9 mm. On Pinus pumila
....................................................................................... C. cembrae
-
Antennal III 11 - 18 x longest hair on it, 4.5 - 10 x longest hair on abdominal tergite VIII and 1.15 - 1.60 x combined lengths of antennal IV and V. Antennal III without and IV with or without a rhinarium. Antennal V 0.9 - 1.3 x VI and 0.45 - 0.75 x hind tarsal II which is 1.6 - 1.9 or 2.6 - 2.8 x hind tarsal I. Base of antennal VI with 6 - 8 hairs. Longest hair on abdominal tergite III 14 - 50 µ
....................................................................................... 12
12(11)
Hind tarsal II 1.6 - 1.9 x I and 1.1 - 1.5 x rostral IV which is 1.9 - 2.0 x rostral V. On Pinus
....................................................................................... C. formosana
-
Hind tarsal II 2.7 - 2.8 x I and 1.6 - 2.8 x rostral IV which is 2.2 - 2.3 x rostral V. On Abies
....................................................................................... C. sp. C
13(8)
Siphuncular cones small, so that the antennal III is 1.6 - 2.5 x maximum diameter of the cone. Antennal III 7 - 9 x longest hair on it, antennal V 1.5 - 2.1 x VI. Antennal II and base of VI each bearing only 7 - 11 hairs. Siphuncular cone with about 3 concentric rings of hairs around the operculum and then a hair-free area within the peripheral ring of hairs. On Larix
....................................................................................... C. chibi
-
Siphuncular cones usually larger, so that the antennal III is only 0.8 - 2.1 x maximum diameter of the cone, but if 2.1 - 2.3 x the diameter, then antennal III only 3.5 - 4.2 x longest hair on the segment and antennal V 1.4 - 1.6 x VI. Antennal II bearing 11 - 19 hairs and base of VI 7 - 13 hairs. Siphuncular cones with hairs more uniformly distributed or with only a single ring of hairs around the operculum
....................................................................................... 14
14(13)
Antennal V 1.7 - 2.0 x VI, and base of VI bearing 19-23 hairs. Rostral IV 2.2 -2.4 x hind tarsal I and with about 10 accessory hairs. On Pinus
....................................................................................... C. orientalis
-
Antennal V 1.05 - 1.65 x VI (or 1.4 - 2.5 in laricis, in which base of VI bears only 5 - 11 hairs)
....................................................................................... 15
15(14)
Rostral IV and hind tarsal II respectively 1.8 - 3.1 and 2.5 - 3.3 x hind tarsal I. On Abies and Chamaecyparis
....................................................................................... 16
-
Rostral IV and hind tarsal II respectively 0.8 - 1.9 and 1.5 - 2.5 x hind tarsal I. On Pinus, Larix and Picea
....................................................................................... 18
16(15)
Hind tarsal II 1.0 - 1.2 x rostral IV which is 2.2 - 3.1 x hind tarsal I. Antennal V 1.2 - 1.3 x VI. Body length 3.2 - 5.9 mm. On Abies
....................................................................................... C. hattorii
-
Hind tarsal II 1.3 - 1.5 x rostral IV which is 1.8 - 2.3 x hind tarsal I. Antennal V 1.35 - 1.60 x VI. Body length 5.3 - 7.5 mm
....................................................................................... 17
17(16)
Rostral IV 2.1 - 2.2 x hind tarsal I. On Abies
....................................................................................... C. longipennis
-
Rostral IV 1.8 - 1.9 x hind tarsal I. On Chamaecyparis
....................................................................................... C. longipennis
18(15)
Hind tarsal II 1.1 - 1.4 x rostral IV which is 1.6 - 1.9 x hind tarsal I. Antennal V 1.1 - 1.3 x VI, base of VI bearing 12 - 16 hairs. On Pinus
....................................................................................... C. pinidensiflorae
-
Hind tarsal II 1.4 - 2.4 x rostral IV which is 0.8 - 1.7 x hind tarsal I. Antennal V 1.3 - 2.6 x VI, or if 1.0 - 1.3 times then base VI bears only 6 - 12 hairs. Base of antennal VI mostly with only 4 - 11 hairs (except for 12 in shinjii and 12 - 16 in cembrae and sp. D)
....................................................................................... 19
19(18)
Antennal II bearing 17 - 23 hairs, base of VI with 15 - 16 hairs. Rostral IV with 8 - 10 accessory hairs. On Picea
....................................................................................... C. sp. D
-
Antennal II bearing 5 - 14 hairs, base of VI with 4 - 16 hairs. Rostral IV with 4 - 9 accessory hairs. On Larix or Pinus
....................................................................................... 20
20(19)
Siphunculus bearing only 10 - 21 hairs, an inner ring of 5 - 12 and 3 - 9 more peripherally. Antennal V 1.5 - 2.5 x VI; base of VI with only 4 - 7 hairs. On Larix
....................................................................................... C. laricis
-
Siphunculus bearing at least 30 and usually many more hairs more evenly distributed. Antennal V 1.0 - 1.5 x VI; base of VI with 6 - 16 hairs. On Pinus
....................................................................................... 21
21(20)
Rostral IV only 0.8 - 1.2 x hind tarsal I. Hind tarsal II 1.7 - 2.4 x Rostral IV. Base of antennal VI with only 6 - 10 hairs. On Pinus densiflora
....................................................................................... C. piniformosana
-
Rostral IV 1.25 - 1.70 x hind tarsal I. Hind tarsal II 1.2 - 1.8 x rostral IV. Base of antennal VI with 8 - 16 hairs
....................................................................................... 22
22(21)
Hind tarsal II 1.2 0 - 1.45 x rostral IV which is 1.5 - 1.7 x hind tarsal I. Antennal II with 9 - 13 hairs, base of VI with 12 - 16 hairs. Genital plate with 22 - 52 hairs. On Pinus pumila
....................................................................................... C. cembrae
-
Hind tarsal II 1.5 - 1.8 x rostral IV which is 1.25 - 1.45 x hind tarsal I. Antennal II with only 6 - 9 hairs, base of VI with 8 - 12 hairs. Genital plate with 13 - 17 hairs. On Pinus parviflora mostly
....................................................................................... C. shinjii
23(8)
Hind tarsal II and rostral IV respectively 1.6 - 1.8 and 1.3 - 1.4 x elongate (190 - 200 µ) hind tarsal I. Antennae without secondary rhinaria. On Pinus
....................................................................................... C. sp. B
-
Hind tarsal II and rostral IV respectively 2.6 - 4.1 and 1.4 - 2.5 x hind tarsal I (60 - 150 µ). Antennal V usually and IV often bearing at least 1 secondary rhinarium. On Abies, Picea, Tsuga and Cupressaceae
....................................................................................... 24
24(23)
Siphuncular cones very small so that antennal III is 3.3 - 4.5 x their maximum diameter which is only 1.7 - 3.2 times the length of the processus terminalis. Antennal II bearing 13 - 23 hairs. Tibiae black. On Abies or Picea
....................................................................................... 25
-
Antennal III 0.5 - 2.2 x maximum diameter of the siphuncular cone which is at least 2.5 and usually 4 - 28 times the length of the processus terminalis. Antennal II bearing 16 - 18 hairs. Tibiae black or pale, if on Picea then tibiae pale or dusky. On Picea, Tsuga or Cupressaceae
....................................................................................... 26
25(24)
Antennal III 2.5 - 2.9 x its longest hair. Hind tibia 8 - 9 x its longest hair. Rostral IV 2.0 - 2.4 x hind tarsal I. On Picea
....................................................................................... C. horii
-
Antennal III 3.2 - 3.7 x its longest hair. Hind tibia 9 - 11 x its longest hair. Rostral IV 1.8 - 2.0 x hind tarsal I. On Abies
....................................................................................... C. matsumurana
26(24)
Processus terminalis usually bearing 4 subapical setae, sometimes with only 3. Antennal V 0.8 - 1.4 x VI. Primary rhinaria with chitinous rim. Abdominal tergite VIII bearing 16 - 77 hairs. On Picea or Tsuga
....................................................................................... 27
-
Processus terminalis usually bearing only 3 subapical setae, rarely with 4 or only 2. Antennal V 0.7 - 1.1 x VI. Primary rhinaria without strongly chitinised rim. Abdominal tergite VIII bearing 17 - 27 hairs. On Cupressaceae
....................................................................................... 29
27(26)
Black hind tibiae 2.5 - 5.9 x longest hair on them. Abdominal tergite VIII with 15 - 18 hairs. Antennal II with 7 -11 hairs, base of VI with 7-10 hairs. Hind tarsal II only 3.4 - 5.0 x processus terminalis. On Tsuga
....................................................................................... C. ozawai
-
Pale or dusky hind tibiae 6 -12 x longest hair on them. Abdominal tergite VIII bearing 20 - 77 hairs. Antennal II with 9 - 18 hairs, base of VI with 6 - 17 hairs. Hind tarsal II 4.6 - 18 x processus terminalis. On Picea
....................................................................................... 28
28(27)
Antennal III 0.7-1.2 x large (diameter 0.33 - 0.53 mm) dark siphuncular cones. Hind tarsal II 1.2 - 1.6 x rostral IV. Hind tibiae 6 - 9 x longest hair on them, antennal III 2.0 - 2.8 x longest hair on it
....................................................................................... C. costata
-
Antennal III 1.2 - 2.2 x paler and smaller (diameter 0.13 - 0.39 mm) siphuncular cones. Hind tarsal II 1.5 - 2.4 x rostral IV. Hind tibiae 7 - 12 x longest hair on them, antennal III 2.3 - 4.5 x longest hair on it
....................................................................................... C. nopporoensis
29(26)
Processus terminalis short, 18 - 35 µ, only 11 - 20 (exceptionally - 28) % of the total length (150 - 215 µ) of the antennal VI. Hind tibiae pale except for the apex which is darker. On Thuja, Callitris and other Cupressaceae
....................................................................................... C. tujafilina
-
Processus terminalis elongate, 40 - 70 µ, 20 - 30 % of the total length (180 - 300 µ) of the antennal VI. Hind tibiae darker, either completely black or with a yellow - brown area at about the basal 1/3. On Juniperus and Cupressus
....................................................................................... 30
30(29)
Hind tibiae black and relatively short, less than half (30 - 45 %) as long as the body. Antennal III (240 - 410 µ) shorter than IV and V together and 0.5 - 1.1 x maximum diameter of the siphuncular cone. On Juniperus communis, chinensis, rigida
....................................................................................... C. juniperi
-
Hind tibiae dark at base and apical half but with a paler area from about the basal 1/5 to mid length, usually more than half (50 - 60 %) as long as the body. Antennal III usually longer than IV and V together and usually longer (0.7 - 1.7) than the maximum diameter of the siphuncular cone. On Cupressus macrocarpa, torulosa and Juniperus horizontalis, sabina and silicicola, more rarely on Cupressus arizonica, Juniperus chinensis, scopulorum and squamata. Recorded from Cryptomeria japonica
....................................................................................... C. fresai

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