農業環境技術研究所

最終更新日: 2015年3月20日

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3月4日(水曜日)平成26年度 生物多様性研究領域セミナー 第7回
3月12日(木曜日)第553回気象談話会
3月30日(曜日)統計GISセミナー

平成26年度
 生物多様性研究領域セミナー 第7回

日時: 平成27年3月4日(水曜日)
15:00〜17:00
場所: 547会議室(農環研本館5階)
テーマ 講演者 連絡先
Potential and Challenges of Payments for Ecosystem Services for Sustainable Rural Development Dr. Martin Dallimer
芝池
電話 838-8271
要旨

 Conservation initiatives are increasingly recognizing the value of ecosystems and the services that they provide. Payments for ecosystem services (PES) schemes, which compensate landowners and local communities for carrying out environmental conservation management that maintain ecosystems and their services are rapidly being implemented globally. While PES schemes uncover many new challenges in the developing world, they have a long history of implementation under the guise of agri-environment schemes (AES) in the European Union (EU), and similar programs elsewhere in the developed world. Many of the lessons learned, and challenges identified from AES are applicable to PES schemes more broadly. This seminar will focus on two contrasting elements of AES in the EU. Using a case study from northern England, it will examine the effectiveness AES in delivering enhanced biodiversity conservation and how efficient AES policies might be designed to minimize cost, maintain farmer incomes and maximize conservation gain. Secondly, AES are expensive to operate. In the EU ~€7.2 billion per year is spent on incentivizing farmers to enhance environmental benefits. Maintaining public support for such expenditure could be challenging. A second case study examines the extent of public support for the conservation outcomes of AES through the use of an EU-wide choice experiment and discuss the implications for policy designs of these public preferences.

<講演者情報>
Dr. Martin Dallimer
Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
Email: m.dallimer@leeds.ac.uk
Twitter: @MartinDallimer
http://www.see.leeds.ac.uk/people/m.dallimer

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第553回気象談話会

日時: 平成27年3月12日(木曜日)
13:30~15:30
場所: 農環研 研究本館5F 547会議室
テーマ 講演者 連絡先
Grain yield and quality under Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) and soil/water warming Yasuhiro USUI
(Agro-Meteorology Division, NIAES)
小野
電話 838-8239
要旨

Rising temperatures are projected to reduce rice yield and quality by shortening growth periods and more frequent occurrences of heat stress, while increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations [CO2] can increase grain yield by promoting photosynthesis and biomass production. However, few open-field evaluations are available on the combined effects of temperature and [CO2], which limits our ability to predict future rice production. Under global warming, both air and soil temperatures are expected to rise. For irrigated rice, water temperature is the major factor that controls nutrient uptake, phenology and morphology, which ultimately affect yield and quality of rice. In this study, we attempted to determine the combined effects of elevated [CO2] (E-[CO2]) and water temperatures on the yield and quality of rice plants grown in open-fields.

テーマ 講演者 連絡先
Elevated CO2 alters the canopy micrometeorology Mayumi YOSHIMOTO
(Agro-Meteorology Division, NIAES)
小野
電話 838-8239
要旨

The increase of the atmospheric CO2 directly affects the plant growth, physiology and productivity, but also indirectly affects them via the change of the canopy micrometeorology due to stomatal closure by the elevated CO2. Stomatal closure reduces leaf transpiration and elevates the canopy temperature by the decrease of evaporative cooling, which might accelerate the plant phenology and growth rate. Furthermore, the changes of thermal and hydrological environment inside the canopy might exacerbate the heat stress. It is essential to quantify those indirect effects of elevated CO2 in order to accurately evaluate the crop production under the elevated CO2 and global warming in the future. Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment provides us with a unique opportunity to observe the canopy micrometeorology under elevated CO2. We report the canopy micrometeorology observed in rice FACE experiment in Tsukubamirai, Ibaraki, Japan, and discuss the possibility of intensification of heat stress of rice by elevated CO2 using the micrometeorological model.

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統計GISセミナー

下記の要領で統計GISセミナーを実施します。参加にあたっての事前登録は必要ありません。外部の方は正面玄関よりお入りいただいて、受付をしてください。セミナー終了後には質疑応答の時間も設けますので、皆様の積極的なご参加をお待ちしています。

日時: 平成27年3月30日(月曜日)
13:30~15:30頃まで
場所: 農環研 研究本館5F 547会議室
テーマ 講演者 連絡先
「回帰分析(単回帰分析、重回帰分析)」
レベル:初級~中級
三輪哲久
大東
電話 838-8224
要旨

回帰分析 (regression analysis) はデータ解析において頻繁に使用される統計手法です。原因となる変数(説明変数)とターゲットとなる特性値(目的変数)との関係を解明するためには回帰分析が有効です。また,最近はやりの一般化線形モデルを理解するためには,通常の回帰分析を理解しておく必要があります。

残念ながら農研機構主催の「数理統計短期集合研修(基礎編)」では回帰分析の講義が行われていません。そこで今回は,初歩的な単回帰分析(時間があれば重回帰分析)について話します。

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