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| Country or region name | Japan |
| Organism group | mammal |
| Order name | Carnivora |
| Family name | Procyonidae |
| Species name | Procyon lotor |
| English common name | raccoon |
| Substantially same species (synonym) | |
| Year of invasion or detection | 1962 |
| Native region | North America and Central America (from southern Canada to Panama) |
| Situation of establishment | Category 4: Settled after 1951, but not distributed all over the country |
| Taxonomic description | |
| Expansion of distribution area | |
| The escaped raccoons were captured in 1962 in Aichi Prefecture and in 1979 in Hokkaido Prefecture. | |
| Environmental impact | |
| Economic damage | |
| Reproduction | |
| Reproductive characteristics in Hokkaido:
The mean reproduction rates were 66% in yearlings (animals born in the previous season) and 96% in adults (animals 2-year-old). Litter size ranged from 1 to 7 offspring per female and averaged 3.6 in yearlings and 3.9 in adults. The proportion of post-implantation loss of fetuses was approximately 30% both in yearlings and adults. The mating season peaked in February and the majority of litters were born between March-May, similar to patterns described in North America, but some females mated in summer. The reproductive potential of feral raccoons in Hokkaido was similar to that reported in North America. Recent increases in the number of feral raccoons in Hokkaido can be attributed to their high productivity. |
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| Growth | |
| Countermeasure | |
| Nuisance kill or population control for eradication using cage traps. | |
| Writer's name and affiliation | |
| © Makoto ASANO, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University (Written in February, 2005) | |
| Organism group | mammal |
| Order name | Carnivora |
| Family name | Canidae |
| Species name | Nyctereutes procyonoides |
| English common name | raccoon dog |
| Substantially same species (synonym) | |
| Possibility of producing hybrids | No |
| Details |
| No. | Kind of Photo | Photo | Name of copyright holder and explanation of photo |
| 1 | Alien species | 1.jpg) |
© Makoto ASANO. A litter of feral raccoon in Hokkaido. |
| 2 | Alien species | 2.jpg) |
© Makoto ASANO. An adult raccoon trapped for eradication program in Hokkaido. |
| 3 | Alien species | 3.jpg) |
© Makoto ASANO. Tracks of raccoon. |
| 4 | Similar species | 4.jpg) |
© Makoto ASANO. Raccoon dog (left) and Raccoon (right). |
| 5 | Similar species | 5.jpg) |
© Makoto ASANO. Head of raccoon dog. |
| 6 | Similar species | 6.jpg) |
© Makoto ASANO. Left hind foot of raccoon dog. |
| 1 | Author | Asano, M., Matoba, Y., Ikeda, T., Suzuki, M., Asakawa, M. & Ohtaishi, N. |
| Year | 2003 | |
| Title | Growth pattern and seasonal weight changes of the feral raccoon (Procyon lotor) in Hokkaido, Japan. | |
| Magazine | Jpn. J. Vet. Res. | |
| Volume | 50 | |
| Number | ||
| Page | 165-173 | |
| Summary | ||
| Key Word | raccoon, Procyon lotor, growth, Hokkaido, weight | |
| 2 | Author | Asano, M., Matoba, Y., Ikeda, T., Suzuki, M., Asakawa, M. & Ohtaishi, N. |
| Year | 2003 | |
| Title | Reproductive characteristics of the feral raccoon (Procyon lotor) in Hokkaido, Japan. | |
| Magazine | J. Vet. Med. Sci. | |
| Volume | 65 | |
| Number | ||
| Page | 369-373 | |
| Summary | ||
| Key Word | raccoon, Procyon lotor, reproduction, Hokkaido | |
| 3 | Author | Ikeda, T. |
| Year | 2002 | |
| Title | Procyon lotor (In Japanese) | |
| Magazine | In: Handbook of Alien Species in Japan | |
| Volume | Edited by The Ecological Society of Japan | |
| Number | ||
| Page | pp.70 | |
| Summary | ||
| Key Word | raccoon, Procyon lotor | |
| No. | Habitat |
| 1 | fruit orchard |
| 2 | grove/woodland |
| 3 | paddy field |
| 4 | pasture |
| 5 | pond/lake/river/riparian |
| 6 | upland crop field |
| 7 | vegetable field |
| 8 | weedy field/margin of field |
| 9 | others |
| Copyright (C) 2007 National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences. All rights reserved. |